Hair combing, clipping, and shaving head



April 2, 1940. M. ANDIS 2,195,609

HAIR comma, CLIPPING, AND SHAVING HEAD Filed March 5, 1936 2 5 i j .5; Z5 35 /z /6 29 20 um .33 a /9 INVENTQR BY M1 M4,

ATTORN EY6 Patented Apr. 2, 1940 UNITED STATES HAIR COMBING, CLIPPING,AND SKAVING HEAD Mathew Andil, Racine, Wis.

D ution March 5, 1986, Serial No. 57,105

17 Claims. (01. 36-48) My invention relates to improvements in haircombing. clipping, and shaving heads.

In a companion application bearing even date herewith Serial No. 67,196,filed March 5, 1936,

Y for improvements in'Hair clipping and shaving heads and which issuedas Patent Number 2,141,- 895 on December 27, 1938, I have illustrated aclipping and shaving head devoid of ordinary comb teeth, and in whichthe function of lifting and straightening the hair is in part performedby a scraping bar which is reciprocated over the skin to push recumbenthair to or toward a perpendicularposition, provision being made for,entry of the hair between the shearing teeth-at points not occupied bythe vibratory cutter, and

the entire operating face of the head being cylindrical in form.

A primary object of the invention herein disclosed is to provide ashearing head of the general type disclosed in said companionapplication with true comb teeth which may be utilized in associationwith shearing bars of the arcuate type disclosed in said companionapplication.

Further objects are to provide a shearing head having a cylindricalbearing surface with arcuate teeth which are adapted to operate as combteeth, with the nds of the teeth passing underneath and lifting the hairwhile the cylindrical bearing surface is in reciprocatory motion.

A further object is to provide convergent shearing teeth which may alsoperform the functions of comb teeth in a head having a cylindricallycurved bearing surface.

A further object is to provide a cylindrically curved shearing headhaving a correspondingly curved vibratory cutter bar therein and meansfor contracting the shearing head upon the cutter bar to ensure shearingcontact and take up wear.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of clipping and shaving mechanism in whichone embodiment of my invention has been incorporated. K

Figure 2 is a plan view of the head with a portion of the shearingmember broken away.

Figure 3 is a section view drawn to lined-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a view similar toFigure 3 but showing a modification.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughoutthe-several views.

In Letters Patent for Hair clippers and shav I ing clippers No.2,037,957, granted to me April 21, 1936, pursuant to a companionapplication Serial No. 581,634, I have illustrated a tubular vibratoryclipper mounted within. a shear plate having forwardly projecting combteeth, said shear plate being adapted for substantially flat bearingcontact with the scalp.

In the improved shearing head disclosed in 5 Figures 1, 2, and 3, therear portions it of the shearing member are provided with rearwardlyprojecting shanks It to facilitate attaching the clipper head to theupper and lower halves i4 and ii of a suitable casing or .handle,'-which10 may be assumed to contain power driving means such as an electricalmotor or driving connections associated with an external source of powersupply.

The forward or working portions of theshearl5 ing head are cylindricallycurved and include convergentshearing bars I! and I8, separated by atransversely extending bar 20 similar to the comb bar described in thecompanion application bearlng even date herewith. Adjacent the 2 bar Ittheouter and inner surfaces of the shearing bars I! and it areconcentric. but in the laterally extending portions of these bars theouter surfaces diverge from the inner surface to form comb teeth havingpoints 2|. At the rear 25 of the points 2| the outer surfaces of theseteeth are preferably concavely rounded as indicated at 23. These concaveparts are supported from the rear portions l2.

' The shear bar is provided with a cylindrical 30 here to receive avibratory cutter member. In Figure 3 this cutter member has acylindrically rounded rear portion 21 and a cylindrically roundedforward portion of reduced arcuate dimensions, provided with arcuatechannels 28 and 35 intervening cutter ribs 29 adapted for-cooperationwith the shearing teeth I8 and is when the cutter bar is axiallyvibrated.

The front and rear portions of the cutter bar are connected with eachotherby an interme- 40 diate web 32, which may have open ended slots l3and I4 extending inwardly from opposite ends and adapted to allow thefront and rear portions of the cutter bar to be pressed toward eachother, the material being sufliciently resilient for 45 this purpose.The cutter bar may, therefore, be made slightly larger than the shearbar bore which receives it, and the cutter bar may be inserted whileunder compression.

In operation, the cutter head may be recipgo rocated upon the scalp witha rocking motion across a central plane, which includes the shanks l3and the bar 20. In this reciprocating and rocking motion the points 2|of the comb teeth will engage underneath hair and lift it into the 55bar, and thence between the shearing portions of the cutter bar teethand the shearing bars i8 and [9. During these reciprocatory movements ofthe cutter head the bar 20 will engage and swing toward a positionperpendicular to the scalp, hair which has been cut in the previousreciprocatory movements, and thus bring the ends into contact with theshearing teeth if such hair is longer than the thickness of the bar '20and oi the associated shearing teeth; This cutter head may be pressedagainst the skin or close shave is not required. If desired, the

edges of the bar 20 may be made sharp enough to serve as shaving edges.I g I In Figure 4 I have illustrated a modificationin which the bodyportion of the shearing member is' form'ed in two parts "12a and-I211,each having projecting shanks l3a'and l3a', connected by 38 to hold theupper'and lower halves of; the body together. Each of the bodyportions12a and 12a has upper and lowershearingbarsfl8a and l9awhich converge toa longitudinally extending slot; or channel" lflywhich occupies thespace corresponding with that-occupied by the 'bar20inFl'gure3. The headshown in Figure 4 also has a longitudinally extending'bore, withinwhich; a cutter bar in the form of a split cylinder is mounted. The rearportion 40 of'thi's cutter bar may be continuous and the forwardportion'arcuately slotted to provide cutter teethI 4i and 42, positionedfor shearing cooperation withthe shearing teeth 18a and I90, and withtheir convergent'ends' separated from each "other alongthe line oi'theslot or channel -39. The 'ndsof the teeth ll and 42 arepreferablyseparated from each'othe'r at a slightly greater distancethan the endsof the teeth' lfla andIQG 7" With the constructiondis'closd in Figure 4the cutter head maybe manipulated in the manner above described withreference to Figures 1,

2, and 3, but the movement of the comb teeth underneath the hair willtake place along the line of the slot or channel 39, and the 'hair willpass between the ends of the cutter teeth 4| and 42 along thisline. g I

But'with the form of construction shown in Figure 4 it is notnecessaryto compress the'vibratory'cutter bar preparatory to insertionin the shear barbore', for the reason that the upper and lower halves-ofthe shear bar are independently formed, andtherefore their pressureu'po'n the cutter bar may bedetermined by the clamping screws TI."- To'take up for wear, thi'nnerffiller blocks 38 are substituted; orifde'sired, the filler block" may be covered with compressible material45,'the resilient reaction of which will tend to predeterminethepressure of the shear bar upon the cutter bar to a suflicient extentto prevent the development of excessive iriction';

I- claim: P 7

1.- In a mechanism of the-described ,clasathe combination with'agenerally cylindrical vibratory cutter bar having channel-like openingsfor entry of hair flanked by arcuate cutter teeth positioned to receivebetween'them hair which has entered such openings, of a shear barsubstantially enclosing the cutter bar and provided with 2,195,609 I Ichannel-like spaces 35 of the vibratory cutter arcuate teeth forshearing registry with the teeth of the cutter bar, said shear bar teethhaving laterally projecting end portions concave-convex in form andadapted to pass underneath and lift hair preparatory to the cuttingoperation.

2. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a vibratorycutter bar of a generally cylindrical form, having one portion are;-ately channelled to provide cutter teeth and an- I other portionlongitudinally recessed "along the ends of suchteeth, an'd'anenclosing-"shear bar having arcuate teeth covering one extremity of eachcutter bar tooth and extending over said recess sufliciently to allowhair to enter the re (cess when'the shear bar is being moved with acombing action, said shear bar having longitudi- 1 n'ally extendingcontinuous walls supporting the I respective ends oi the shearing teeth.3. In a'mechanism of the described class, the combination of a vibratorycutter bar of a generally cylindrical form, having one portion arcuatelychannelled tofprovide cutterteeth and another portion longitudinallyrecessed along the I I I ends'of such: teeth, andjan enclosingjshearibarbolts or screws 31, with an intervening 'filler'block I having a set ofarcuate teeth covering" the porhaving longitudinally extendingcontinuous walls supporting the respective ends "of the shearing teeth,one of said'walls registering withp'ortions of the cutter bar; teeth andserving] as. a coinbing web,' cooperative witli'the shear-barteethito*predetermine the. minimum distance 1 from the scalp at which shearingopera'tions take jplace; 4, In a'me'chanism oi'the described class,'thecombination of a shear bar having 'a longitudinal ly extendingcylindrical bore and a thin walled working portion covering said bore atone side, said. working w iv ic m sinz avlon u e ly extending webflanked by artcuatelyislotted po r-' tions providing arcuately 'curt'eclshearing teeth, a cutterbar in said b ore having an arcuate workingportion inregistry with said weband p rtions 'of the teethat each sidethereofi'said cutter bar workingportion being arcuately channelled toprovide cutter teeth, the end portions .of which are adapted tomovewitha shearing action across those portions of the shear has teethnearest the web, said cutter bar being otherwisespaced' from "the wallof the shear bar bore to) allow hair to freely pass between the ends orshear bar teeth in registry with such spaces when the sheanbar ismoved'with acombin'g actionalong the scalp. 5.-Ina mechanisin of thedesc iibedp assy the combination of a shear bar 'having'alongitudinalllyextendinjg cylindrical bore and a thin "walled workingportion covering said bore at 'one side, said working portion comprisinga I longitudinally extending web fianked by arcuately slotted por-'tions providing arcuately curved shearing teeth, a cutterbarin saidborehavingarcuate work ingportion in 'registry with said web andportions oi the teeth at each side thereo i'; said cutte'r barworkingportion' being arcuateiy channelled to provide cutter teeth, theend portions of which are adapted to move with a shearing action acrossthose p'ortions ofthe shear'bar'teethnearest the with means forvibrating it longitudinally, of a longitudinally extending combing webcarried by the shear bar, shear teeth extending arcuately from therespective sides of said web and having connected ends supportedthereby, said shear bar including supporting means for the ends of theteeth most distant from said web, and arcuate cutter teeth bearing uponthe inner surface of said web and the adjacent ends of its associatedshear teeth, said cutter bar having other portions spaced from the shearbar and adapted to allow hair to freely enter such spaces between theportions of the shear bar teeth most distant from said web.

'7. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a shearbar provided with a longitudinally extending bore, a vibratory cutterbar mounted in said bore and provided with an arcuate working portionfitted to the wall of said bore along one side, and including a.longitudinallyextending row 01 arcuate cutter teeth, said shear barbeing arcuately slotted to provide shear teeth supported at both endsand in partial registry with said cutter teeth, said cutter bar having alongitudinally extended channel in registry with the other end portionsof the shear bar teeth, whereby, when the shear bar is moved along thescalp with a combing action, hair may enter said channel preparatory toits entry betweenvthe teeth of. the cutter bar.

8. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of a shear barprovided with a longitudinally extending bore, a vibratory cutter barmounted in said bore and provided with an arcuate working portion fittedto the wall of said bore along one side, and including a longitudinallyextending row of arcuate cutter teeth, said shear bar being arcuatelychannelled to provide shear teeth supported at both ends and in partialregistry with said cutter teeth, said cutter bar having a longitudinallyextended channel .in registry with the other end portions of the shearbar teeth, whereby, when the shear bar is moved along the scalp with acombing action, hair may enter said channel preparatory to its entry.between the teeth of the cutter bar, and said shear teeth having outersurfaces intermediately extended to provide combing projections betweenthe portions in registry with the cutter bar teeth and the portions inregistry with said channel.

9. The combination with ashear bar having a longitudinal bore and a thinworking portion on one side, cylindrically curved for hearing contactwith the scalp and transversely slotted to provide arcuate shearingteeth on each side of the iongitudinal center line of said bearingportion, and a cutter bar having arcuate cutter teeth for registry withthe center of the bearing portion of ;the shearing bar and adjacentportions of the shear bar teeth, the cutter bar being spaced fromthe'shear bar beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth to allow hair toenter said space from between the shear bar teeth preparatory to beingcarried with a combing action between the shearing portions orithe teethon the respective bars.

10. In a hair'clipping and shaving head, a vibratory cutter bar having aworking portion extending longitudinally along one side, and asupporting portion at the other side, connected with the working portionacross the central axis of the bar, said working portion having arcuatechannels and intervening arcuate teeth, between which hair may enterfrom the side of the connecting central portion, in combination with ashear bar having concentric arcuate teeth extending beyond the ends ofthe teeth of the cutter bar, said ends beingprovided with combingportions adapted to direct hair into the spaces at the sides of thecentral portion of the cutter bar to be engaged by the cutter teeth whenmoving longitudinally through such hair with a combing action.

11. In a mechanism of the described class, the combination of concentriccylindrically curved shearing members, having working portions inresilient pressure relation to each other, the working portion of theouter member comprising a central web flanked by rows of arcuate teethsupported at both ends by the web and the rear portions of said member,respectively, and with portions of the outer member teeth most distantfrom the web spaced from the inner member.

12. In a mechanism of the described class, a shear.bar having all skincontacting portions cylindrically curved and provided with arcuateshearing teeth at opposite sides of a longitudinally extending zoneintermediate of said teeth, said zone being occupied by a thincontinuous web connecting the opposing ends of the respective sets ofteeth, and a cutter bar with which said web and the adjacent portions ofthe teeth are concentric, said cutter bar being spaced from the otherend portions of said teeth to facilitate entry of hair between the shearbar teeth.

13. In a mechanism of the described class, a cutter bar having alongitudinally extending row of arcuate shear teeth along its workingfront side and a corresponding operating piece along its rear side, thecentral portions of the rear side and working side being connected by arelatively thin web, said bar being of a generally T-shaped form incross section.

14. In a mechanism of the described class, the

combination of a non-vibratory hollow shear bar having a cylindricallyrounded working portion for bearing contact with the skin and providedwith sets of arcuate shearing members on opposite sides of thelongitudinal center line of said bearing portion, and a vibratory cutterbar having a working portion provided with arcuate shearing teeth inshearing relation to the shearing members of the shear bar adjacent saidcenter line of its working portion, said cutter bar being spaced fromthe arcuate members of the shearing bar beyond the ends of the cutterbar teeth to allow hair to freely enter between portions of the shearbar memers extending beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth.

15. The combination of a vibratory cutter bar having longitudinallyextending channels along opposite sides thereof and also having anarcuate .16. The combination with a vibratory cutter u provided withspaced sets of arcuate slots and hearing teeth, portions of which teethare in shearing relation to the cutter bar teeth, with other portionsoverhanging the channels in the cutter bar.

1'7. The combination of s vibratory cutter bar having along one side aset 01' arcuately curved shearing teeth and having its opposite sideprovided with means for ;vibrating said her axially, an enclosing shearbar having a thin cylindrically curved hearing portiomgcohcentric withthe teeth of the cutter bar and arcuately slotted to-provide plurallongitudinally extending sets 0! shearing teeth in shearing relation tothe respective ends of the cutter bar teeth, said shear bar teeth ex- 10tending beyond the ends of the cutter bar teeth and spaced from thecutter bar in their outer'end portions. v

